Nā mea paʻa Alloy ikaika kiʻekiʻe -- kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika Ultra-kiʻekiʻe

He kila kila hana kiʻekiʻe ke kila 7709, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo 21CrMoV5-7, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā bolts a me nā nati. Eia kahi hoʻolauna hohonu i nā wili i hana ʻia me ka mea 1.7709:

(1). Ka hoʻohuihui kemika: ʻO ke kumu nui o ia mea he kalapona (C: 0.17-0.25), silicon (Si: 0.15-0.35), manganese (Mn: 0.35-0.85), chromium (Cr: 1.20-1.50), molybdenum (Mo: 0.65-0.80), a me vanadium (V: 0.25-0.35) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa kūpono o kēia mau mea e hāʻawi i ke kila i nā waiwai piha maikaʻi loa.

(2). Nā waiwai mīkini: I ke kūlana i mālama ʻia me ka wela, loaʻa i ke kila 1.7709 ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi. Hiki i kona ikaika hua (Rp0.2) ke hiki i ka ≥550 MPa, hiki i ka ikaika tensile (PM) ke hiki i ka ≥700 MPa, elongation (A) ≥16%, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka wahi (A) ≥60%.

(3). Ke kū'ē wela: Hiki i kēia mea ke mālama i nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe a kūpono hoʻi no nā kūlana hana me nā mahana ma mua o 300°C.

He kila nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy medium-carbon ka 300M, nona nā ʻano penei:

(1). Ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa: Hiki i ka ikaika tensile ke piʻi i 1900-2100 MPa, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika hua ma mua o 1600 MPa, e kūpono ana no ke kū ʻana i nā ukana kiʻekiʻe.

Paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe: He maikaʻi kona plasticity a me ka paʻakikī, hiki ke pale aku i ka haki ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.

(2). Hana luhi maikaʻi loa: Kūpono no nā noi e pono ai ka ʻike lōʻihi ʻana i nā ukana ikaika, e like me nā ʻāpana mokulele.

Paʻakikī maikaʻi: Ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela (e like me ka quenching a me ka tempering), hiki ke hoʻonui hou ʻia kona paʻakikī a me kona ikaika.

ʻO ke kila kila kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o kona mau waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kaʻina hana, ke hoʻokani nei i kahi hana koʻikoʻi ma kekahi mau kahua kiʻekiʻe.

(1) ʻOihana Aerospace a me ka Pale Kaua
Nā mea pae mokulele a me nā mea paʻa: Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila ikaika loa (e like me ke ʻano me ka ikaika tensile o ≥ 1500 MPa) e hana i nā ʻāpana halihali koʻikoʻi e like me nā hinges a me nā bolts o nā mea pae, e pani ana i ke kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe i uhi ʻia me ka cadmium e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia hydrogen embrittlement.
ʻĀpana missile a me nā ʻenekini: Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila Martensitic (e like me X46CrS13) no ka pūpū missile a me nā lou laka mīkini, e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka oxidation wela kiʻekiʻe.

(2) ʻEnekinia Moana a me ka ʻOihana Petrochemical
Nā lako a me nā paipu kai hohonu: Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila Duplex (e like me S31803) no nā paipu kai a me nā kiwikā. ʻOi aku kona kūpaʻa i ka haki ʻana o ka ion chloride ma mua o ke kila kila austenitic.
Mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika: Mālama ka 1.4945 alloy (loaʻa ka chromium a me ka nickel) i ke kūpaʻa ma lalo o ke ana wela a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono no nā wahi me nā waikawa ikaika a me nā kumu ikaika.

(3) Kuhikuhi Hale a me nā ʻĀina Hana
Nā Alahaka a me nā Tunnels: Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila Martensitic no nā mea paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hoʻoikaika i ke kūpaʻa.

(4)Nā kahua ʻenehana e kū mai ana
Ka Paʻi 3D a me ka Hana ʻana i nā Mea Hoʻohui: Hana ʻia ka hui 1.4310CSPANN i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī ma o ka ʻenehana hoʻopili laser, me ka ikaika o 1200 MPa.